Episode 112 - CSS Alabama

**a small correction to the episode - the French painter Édouard Manet did not observe the battle off Cherbourg personally, but used eyewitness and press accounts to reconstruct the events for his painting The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama.

This week it's the story of the Confederate commerce raider Alabama, the terror of the US merchant fleet until she was turned into a marine archaeological site by the USS Kearsarge off of Cherbourg, France

Sources:

Ameur, Farid.  "La guerre de Sécession au large de Cherbourg: La France impériale et l'affaire du CSS Alabama (juin 1864)." Relations Internationales, no. 150, Spring 2012, pp. 7 - 22.

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Alabama Claims.

"CSS Alabama Wreck Site (1864): A Confederate Shipwreck in France." Naval History and Heritage Command, 2 Dec 2020. https://www.history.navy.mil/research/underwater-archaeology/sites-and-projects/ship-wrecksites/css-alabama.html

Langlois, Francis. "Neutralité, reconnaissance ou intervention." Diplomatie, no. 177, Sept-Oct 2022, pp. 91 - 95.

Roach, J. Ashley. "France Concedes United States has Title to CSS Alabama." The American Journal of International Law, vol. 85, no. 2, Apr 1991, pp. 381 - 383.

Symonds, Craig. "Kearsarge and Alabama: The Civil War’s Classic Ship-to-Ship Duel." American Battlefield Trust. battlefields.org/learn/articles/kearsarge-and-alabama